(Mason,2015)
- we perceive the outside world.
- we act in the world either volitionally or emotionally.
- our nervous system allows us to live; and
- cognition operates to make us the human individuals that we are.
March 4, 2015
Emotions are at the heart of what it means to be human
Emotion Science
Different scientific frameworks to study emotions.(Fox, 2008)
- Emotions are biologically given?
- Emotions are socially constructed?
- Emotions are the result of perception of bodily changes?
- Emotions are the result of cognitive appraisals?
但是我們要的是
知書達禮 知情達意的人生
- Focus: Bi-directional relations among cognitive and emotional processes.
- Goal: a linguistic introduction to emotion from the cognitive and affective perspectives.
因為人生意料不到
Affect-Cognition Interaction
- Cognition refers to a person's mental processes and assumes that the mind has internal mental states (e.g., beliefs, desires, intentions) which can be understood in terms of information processing.
- A cognitive process is generally assumed to have taken place when information coming in through the senses is transformed in some way.
Human Affect
- Emotion: A relatively brief episode of coordinated brain, automatic and behavioural changes that facilitate a response to an external or internal event of significance for the organism.
- Mood: More long-lasting affective state (days to months); more difuse
- Feeling : Subjective representation of emotion, private to individual experiencing them
Affect is a broader all-encompassing term whch refers to general topics of emotion, feelings, and mood together.Related Affective Phenomena
- Attitude: relatively enduring, affectively coloured beliefs, preferences and predispositions toward objects or persons.
- Temperament: affective styles that are apparent early in life, and
- Personality trait : stable individual difference across different situations.
- Cognition: do not have facial expressions, not always physiological changes, though cognitive arousal can get rise to emotions.
近義詞區辨練習
心情，氣質，脾氣，性情，性格，情緒，態度，人格特質，品行。
- Google
models of emotions - Interesting though.
再強調一次：我們關心的
- 不是情緒如何量度，情緒的神經與生理基礎。而是語言可以如何幫助我們：
- 表達與表徵情緒，
- 分類情緒概念，
- 理解認知語意和情緒的介面。
Cognitive appraisal is at the heart of the emotion process ….
舉個例子
Are there Core/Basic Emotions?
《禮記》—-「七情」: 即，喜、怒、哀、懼、愛、惡、欲；
回到語言表達
暖身題：情緒語言學會是什麼樣子？
- 語意
- 構詞與句法
- 語音
- 語用與言談
- 心理神經與習得發展
- 歷史社會
- 認知隱喻
- 計算預測模式
- (Smiley 符號學)
- (表意文字系統)
離題一下：妳怎麼回答別人問妳這個問題
讀語言學要幹什麼？！
Language and Emotion Concepts from scratch
- 情緒表達語言的（最小）單位是什麼
- 情緒表達和語意表達是否皆具備組合性
Expressive Units of Emotions
- Emotion types and Words
Wordhood issue (in Chinese)
馬雲要燒錢有什麼問題
阿里巴巴創辦人馬雲端上創業基金，全台大都會受到影響。
Homework
Watch: (Yale online course: Human Emotion 1.3: What is an Emotion?)